Florida 房产合规

Florida's landlord-tenant law is governed by Chapter 83, Part II of the Florida Statutes (the Florida Residential Landlord and Tenant Act). Key features include no statewide rent control, no statutory cap on security deposits, a 3-day notice for nonpayment evictions, and recent 2024 reforms including anti-squatting protections (HB 621), security deposit alternatives, and the preemption of local tenant protection ordinances.

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Florida eviction begins with written notice: a 3-business-day notice for nonpayment, a 7-day notice for curable lease violations, or a 7-day unconditional notice for non-curable violations. After notice expires, landlords file an eviction complaint in county court. Self-help evictions (changing locks, removing belongings) are strictly prohibited. Under HB 621 (2024), landlords can now request sheriff intervention to remove squatters without a full eviction process.

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Florida places no cap on security deposit amounts. Deposits must be held in a separate Florida banking institution account or posted as a surety bond. If no deductions are claimed, the deposit must be returned within 15 days. If the landlord intends to make deductions, written notice must be sent by certified mail within 30 days, giving the tenant 15 days to dispute. Landlords may now also offer non-refundable monthly fee alternatives.

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No. Florida prohibits rent control statewide as of July 2024, and local tenant protection ordinances that conflict with Chapter 83 have been invalidated. Landlords must provide notice consistent with the tenancy period — 30 days for month-to-month (increased from 15 days in 2024). Some local jurisdictions like Miami-Dade County require 60 days' notice for increases exceeding 5%.

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Florida does not mandate a statutory grace period for late rent, and there is no state cap on late fee amounts. However, late fees must be reasonable and specified in the lease agreement. Courts may reject excessive fees as unenforceable penalties. A 3-business-day notice to pay or quit can be served once rent is past due, starting the eviction clock.

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Florida landlords must disclose the identity and address of the landlord or authorized agent, the location and terms of security deposit holding (including whether it's in an interest-bearing account), and lead-based paint hazards for pre-1978 buildings. Starting October 2025, a separate flood-disclosure statement is required for leases of one year or longer, covering known flood damage, past flooding history, and flood insurance claims.

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Oral leases are valid in Florida for terms under one year. Written leases must comply with Chapter 83 and may not contain clauses waiving the tenant's right to a court proceeding. Certain provisions — like requiring tenants to waive rights to notice before eviction — are void and unenforceable. Month-to-month tenancies now require 30 days' notice for termination by either party.

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Florida landlords must maintain the premises in compliance with building, housing, and health codes. This includes keeping the structure, plumbing, heating, and common areas in good repair, ensuring functioning locks, screens, and windows, maintaining pest control, and providing running water and hot water. Tenants must keep the premises clean and sanitary, and must not deliberately or negligently damage the property.

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